July 23, 2006

NEGLECTED HORROR—10 Rillington Place

(Posted In Drama Horror Reviews Thriller UK / Ireland / Australia / New Zealand )

rillington.jpgDennis Harvey's informative Bay Guardian write-up on Richard Fleischer's 10 Rillington Place (1971)—the third installment in the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts' "Neglected Horror" series—relieves me from having to be thorough in any sense of the word. I need merely concur with his assessment that this "chillingly poker-faced tale" (based upon the infamous 1948 Christie murders in Britain, which—due to the execution of an innocent man—played a significant role in that country's abolition of the death penalty) is a "credible version of the much-disputed case." Likewise, I agree with his statement that everything about 10 Rillington Place "is astutely controlled, but two performances—Attenborough's and Hurt's—push that description into the realm of brilliance, indelibly etching the respective banalities of evil and of innocence."

Although forewarned by YBCA's capsule, my first thought after watching 10 Rillington Place was, "Why is this considered 'horror'?" To which my mind quickly answered, "Because it is." Sexual psychopath serial killers will always be respectable members of the horror genre, albeit guised in police drama. 10 Rillington Place is a soberly measured portrait of seemingly harmless John Reginald Christie, an ordinary middle-aged man, balding, bespectacled, suffering from chronic back pain, who killed eight times over a 13-year period. As one reviewer described him, Christie was "a deranged slaphead with a predeliction for gassing young women and abusing their twitching corpses . . . frotting the body and moaning with orgasmic delight."

"[N]ever overly violent, conventionally frightening or aggressive in tone," David Mercier describes, 10 Rillington Place "manages to chill and create enormous discomfort with such ease. By taking for granted the fact that the audience knows what is going to happen, it presents quite horrific scenes in a very matter-of-fact way, which means the audience are engrossed in what is going on, but know they are powerless to do anything about it. This is a very difficult balance to get right, but this film succeeds superbly, and creates an atmosphere where the viewer feels like they're physically watching the crimes behind a piece of unbreakable glass." He concludes that the relaxed style of the film "belies a ruthless center", which in many ways "matches the charming and wicked efficiency of Christie himself." If this sounds like Alfred Hitchcock, you're spot on. In fact, 10 Rillington Place reminded me very much of Frenzy. When poor Beryl Evans is being raped and murdered upstairs, workmen are going about their business downstairs.

Being invited to a cup of tea because "the kettle's on" has never been so dangerous. The rope Christie uses to strangle his gullible victims is the same as that used for a rope chair he likes to sit in. His quiet decision to strangle his own wife because she has finally caught on to his shenanigans jumps straight to the act of his burying her beneath the floorboards. This effective ellipse reminded me of that horrific realization in Henry, Portrait of A Serial Killer when you realize Henry has actually murdered the young girl who has been so kind to him, when you realize some men just can't help their killing instincts no matter how kindly you try to rehabilitate them, or how sympathetic their victims are. Pat Heywood deserves mention as Christie's dowdy wife Ethel who refuses to acknowledge the evidence of her husband's actions, averting her gaze and plugging her ears as he drags bodies out of the apartment to hide them in an outdoor shed.

Monica Sullivan points out: "There is no attempt to explain or excuse Christie and the sheer matter-of-factness of his crimes is the most terrifying aspect of this film." I agree. What makes the murders in 10 Rillington Place so horrific is that we're never really given the backstory as to Christie's motivations. We're never given any insight. Likewise, we never know why Timothy John Evans (John Hurt) so willingly allows himself to be scapegoated and framed for the murder of his wife and child, only rallying to his own defense when it is far too late. Indelible etchings of the respective banalities of evil and of innocence, indeed.

According to the Internet Movie Database, Fleischer's treatment of the Christie stranglings was filmed in the real Rillington Place, which had changed its name to Ruston Mews after the notorious killings. However, the house that was used was not 10 Rillington Place—it was actually No. 6. The street was demolished in the year after the film's release to make way for the Westway urban motorway.

The film draws heavily from Ludovic Kennedy's book of the same name which, in turn, relied extensively on trial transcripts. Kennedy was an outspoken critic of the death penalty and used the unjust execution of Timothy John Evans as case in point. According to John Hurt, "real life retired executioner Albert Pierrepoint was a technical advisor for the execution scene. This scene was the first British people had seen in a cinema of a British hanging, and as it was still Government Official Secrets Act, no details regarding the scene was available. This is where Albert Pierrepoint came in, under an assumed name, and was able to re-create the harrowing scene to maximize the true terror of what it must have been like." Evans was pardoned 12 years after his execution and his body exhumed and reburied in sacred ground. That justice could be so belatedly cavalier underscores why this film is considered horror.

The scene that affected me the most is when Evans is sentenced to death by hanging and Christie, present in the court room, breaks into sobs of relief. Attenborough, perhaps better known for directing Ghandi and for playing the kindly scientist in Jurassic Park, delivers a powerfully understated and thankless performance as John Reginald Christie, as much a monster as anything else horror has to offer.

Review by Michael Guillén.

» Posted by Michael Guillen at July 23, 2006 01:26 PM
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Reader Comments

its perhaps one of the only films that i will watch whenever its repeated on TV - and although ive grown tired of hurts performance in the film, its still impressive... attenborough is something quite extraordinary in this, and although i generally have a great dislike for his work, its one of the most impressive performances ive ever seen given - yes, he is cold and calculating, lost and emotionally confused or distressed by himself, which makes the effect on the viewer even greater.

perhaps its because i am british, and have an interest in such cases, but i had a sense of what was underlying in the film that from what youve written isnt necessarily easy to spot if youre no so immersed in the culture and personalities of britain - hurts working class, naive and childlike behaviour is heartbreaking and the situation in relation to a more-powerful man who is also deep in poverty and within a struggling working-class society is an absolutely nightmarish vision that was once exceedingly common and still exists in small distant places today... stunning film, one of my absolute favourites.

as for the term horror, as you hint at, this is a horror film but the term is so deceptive and includes so much we wouldnt necessarily think of as fitting any one of the multitude of possible definitions we could all have for it - horrors very broad and varied, some of it clearly more likely to be described as crime drama but also likely to be as truly horrific (if not more so) as films always thought of as 'horror'... odd.

» Posted by logboy at July 23, 2006 02:12 PM

Logboy, thanks for the great response! I appreciate your insight into the working class conflict between the two characters. I had only a peripheral sense of that. I agree that Hurt's uneducated naivete was frustrating and sad. It amazes me that this is still a not infrequent occurrence? Wow. Anyways, thanks again for your comments.

» Posted by Maya at July 23, 2006 02:19 PM

the british public still has underlying issues with managing to create a sense of progress with underlying issues of the foundations beneath, and if you follow or read on any serial killer case they share certain social similarities of how we create and dismiss some very unusual traps into which people fall, you can see elements of these horrific states of mind british life can create in the oddest places, 'league of gentlemen' for example - certain ways of life that are incredibly dangerous that go beyond the human condition you could find anywhere, more of an issue to do with social manipulation, poor social security systems, social workers, goverment process and laws, police failings, neighbourhood isolation, and giving up the ghost on people, generally self-serving dressed as something completely different - its worth taking a look at dennis nilsen, fred west as other examples of british serial killers that based themselves within their homes... different to things like john wayne gacey or jeffery dahmer some very odd atmospherics or moods you can pick up on that show theres social issues bigger than individual difficulties at play... 10 rillington place really hits the nail on the head with its atmosphere of post-second world war poverty and that gap between victorian england and cases like 'jack the ripper' and the rebrith or many areas of the UK through to the 1960s and still (to a much lesser extent) into modern britain...

» Posted by logboy at July 23, 2006 02:53 PM

Given your informed knowledge on this subject, can you shed light on what motivated Christie? Does anyone know? Not that it was important to know so for the movie, and--as I mentioned--actually added to the horror of the piece for not being offered; but, just out of a general sense of curiousity.

Another thing that struck me was the idea that Alfred Hitchock came out of this mileu and the elements I was picking up in "10 Rillington Place" might actually be tethered to the British culture rather than Hitchcock's particular sensibility. Any thoughts?

» Posted by Maya at July 23, 2006 03:30 PM

the same as motivated any serial killer, some kind of sexual impotence, social exclusion and desire to redress the balance through displays of power taken out against women - the element that interests me is that british cultures ideal for creating characters like this, you wonder why there arent more unearthed cases like this : theres a sense there will be, as many if not all elements that creat a character like this exist still, but were particularly rife post-WW 2 which was a time where the conditions seemed hightened and particularly dangerous... theyre more hidden away these days. what a strange way in which to live... christie was more of a victim or british society than any individual failings, and hurts character was drawn in easily through how society works too. the mood of how british life has and does work is so strong in 10 rillington place... more than any other film save perhaps 'peeping tom', which i find equally ahead of its time and strangely modern because its still possible for peoples behaviour to drift to these places today...

» Posted by logboy at July 23, 2006 04:04 PM

Apparently, this film is not available in the states. Grr. The lively conversation above has got my curiosity peaked. I've never seen this, but if it can be compared to Frenzy and Henry: Portrait of a Serial Killer, I'm there. I'll add it to the list for now unless someone can point out a region 1 or region free copy to purchase.

» Posted by Eddie Jackson at July 23, 2006 06:58 PM

you want the UK disc, but it may not be region free. as for comparisons, its not a typical horror so i wouldnt compare it to 'henry' at all - its a very dry, reasonably slow, dark chracter piece with no gore, just the sights of a few dead bodies and some very harsh ideas to deal with ... very menacing. like i say above, the best comparison is to the mood of 'peeping tom' i think... this movie, along with things like 'league of gentlemen' and gilliams 'brazil' are must better representations of what british society can be like and what its about than anything taken to be british like the abysmal 'lock stock', which is a shocker. 10 rillington place R2 UK DVD for £7 at Amazon.co.uk.

» Posted by logboy at July 24, 2006 02:46 AM

Logboy, again your insights enrichen this discussion. I only linked "10 Rillington Place" to "Henry" insofar as the effective use of the ellipse made a murder even more chilling for not being shown.

I'm glad you mentioned "Peeping Tom" as well, which I recently watched on Turner Classics. I had thought of folding it into my review of "10 Rillington Place" as well but have elected to do a separate write-up. It's considerably more lurid and, if I'm not mistaken, pretty much ruined Powell's career.

» Posted by Maya at July 24, 2006 10:24 AM

I've heard so much about this film. Where did you see it Mike?

» Posted by Canfield at July 24, 2006 10:36 AM

i dont know about powells career, but i do remember being told that 'peeping tom' remained banned in the UK for something like 30 years - i often plan to look more in the backstory of favourite films like this, and theres good books on 'rillington place' also, but it remains a film ive seen and loved for the most part... the first time i saw it on TV, i had no idea of the age of the film initially - its a superb example of a film that completely breaks with the general approaches and subject matters so heavily that the film looks very modern in its attitudes even today - another serial killer movie which i really like the approach of is 'citizen x' (a TV movie on R1 DVD), about chikatilo - the russian serial killer captured in the 90s after having killed more than 50 children : stunning film.

» Posted by logboy at July 24, 2006 10:41 AM

Canfield, Joel Shepard at the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts here in San Francisco, is the dude responsible for curating this quartet of "neglected horror" at the Center's screening room. Joel is incredibly creative in his programming. He's the one who brought "Joe" and Carlos Reygadas to the Center through artist residencies. This series has done so well for the Center that I suspect he's going to follow through and find even more neglected treasures.

» Posted by Maya at July 24, 2006 06:30 PM

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